论文标题
轻质区块链解决方案：分类法，研究进度和全面审查
Lightweight Blockchain Solutions: Taxonomy, Research Progress, and Comprehensive Review
论文作者
论文摘要
在各种数字应用程序中，包括智能家居，智能医疗保健和智能运输等各种数字应用程序的扩散已经普遍存在。但是，这些设备的集成带来了许多安全问题。为了解决这些问题，区块链技术由于其强大的安全性特征，包括不可变化，加密和分布式共识，因此已被广泛采用。但是，由于使用的设备的资源有限以及区块链的资源密集要求，因此在这些网络中实施区块链是极具挑战性的。为了克服这些挑战，许多研究人员提出了专门为资源受限网络设计的轻质区块链解决方案。在本文中，我们提出了文献中提出的轻质区块链解决方案的分类学。更确切地说，我们确定“轻量级”概念中的五个领域，即区块链体系结构，设备身份验证，加密模型，共识算法和存储方法。我们讨论了每个“轻量级”类别中采用的各种方法，突出了现有的差距并识别改进领域。我们的评论重点介绍了现有系统中的缺失点，并为为资源受限设备网络构建完整的轻质区块链解决方案铺平了道路。
The proliferation of resource-constrained devices has become prevalent across various digital applications, including smart homes, smart healthcare, and smart transportation, among others. However, the integration of these devices brings many security issues. To address these concerns, Blockchain technology has been widely adopted due to its robust security characteristics, including immutability, cryptography, and distributed consensus. However, implementing blockchain within these networks is highly challenging due to the limited resources of the employed devices and the resource-intensive requirements of the blockchain. To overcome these challenges, a multitude of researchers have proposed lightweight blockchain solutions specifically designed for resource-constrained networks. In this paper, we present a taxonomy of lightweight blockchain solutions proposed in the literature. More precisely, we identify five areas within the "lightweight" concept, namely, blockchain architecture, device authentication, cryptography model, consensus algorithm, and storage method. We discuss the various methods employed in each "lightweight" category, highlighting existing gaps and identifying areas for improvement. Our review highlights the missing points in existing systems and paves the way to building a complete lightweight blockchain solution for networks of resource-constrained devices.
