论文标题
通过迷你骨和标准中子监测器评估中子散射仪器的飞行时间,波长和距离校准的方法
Evaluation of a method for time-of-flight, wavelength and distance calibration for neutron scattering instruments by means of a mini-chopper and standard neutron monitors
论文作者
论文摘要
准确的飞行时间(TOF)到波长及其不确定性对中子散射测量至关重要。特别是在仪器高度配置的情况下,必须始终执行任何更改后的绝对波长的确定。受到中子光谱仪确定绝对波长的方式的启发,我们首次评估了作者知识,这是一种将TOF转换为中子波长的常用方法,该方法是监视器与中子源的距离,我们分析地计算了不确定性贡献,从而限制了转换的精确性。在Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin(HZB)的V20测试梁线上评估了该方法,通过使用以140 Hz,Beam Monitors(BMS)和数据采集基础结构操作的迷你chopper,以2.86 ms的长度和14 Hz重复速率模拟ESS源。迷你chopper产生了明确定义的中子脉冲,并将BM放置在两个位置,从而实现了要确定要确定的每个脉冲的平均波长。所使用的实验设置在监视器位置上实现了绝对波长的确定,并以$Δλ_{mean} /λ_{mean_ {mean} $ $ \ sim $ \ sim $ 1.8%的$λ> 4 $Å。随着参考监视器位置之间的距离适度增加,可以实现低于0.5%的$δλ_{均值} /λ_{均值} $。通过使用较薄的显示器,较小的切碎机开口和更高的旋转速度斩波器,可以进一步改进。该方法仅需要两个中子测量,不需要使用晶体或复杂的配件,并且可能构成了成像,衍射,反射仪和小角度中子散射仪器的合适补充,即通常不使用快速斩波器的散布来源。
Accurate conversion of neutron time-of-flight (TOF) to wavelength, and its uncertainty, is of fundamental importance to neutron scattering measurements. Especially in cases where instruments are highly configurable, the determination of the absolute wavelength after any change must always be performed. Inspired by the manner with which neutron spectrometers determine the absolute wavelength, we evaluate for the first time, in the author's knowledge, a commonly used method for converting TOF to neutron wavelength, the distance of a monitor from the source of neutrons and we analytically calculate the uncertainty contributions that limit the precision of the conversion. The method was evaluated at the V20 test beamline at the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB), emulating the ESS source with a pulse of 2.86 ms length and 14 Hz repetition rate, by using a mini-chopper operated at 140 Hz, beam monitors (BMs) and data acquisition infrastructure. The mini-chopper created well-defined neutron pulses and the BM was placed at two positions, enabling the average wavelength of each of the pulses created to be determined. The used experimental setup resulted in absolute wavelength determination at the monitor positions with a $δλ_{mean} / λ_{mean}$ of $\sim$1.8% for $λ>4$ Å. With a modest increase of the distance between the reference monitor positions a $δλ_{mean} / λ_{mean}$ of below 0.5% can be achieved. Further improvements are possible by using a thinner monitor, smaller chopper disc openings and a higher rotational speed chopper. The method requires only two neutron measurements and doesn't necessitate the use of crystals or complex fitting, and could constitute a suitable addition to imaging, diffraction, reflectometers and small angle neutron scattering instruments, at spallation sources, that do not normally utilise fast choppers.