论文标题

熨烫褶皱:类似GSE的合并的相空间字形作为暗物质subhalo检测器

Ironing the folds: The phase space chevrons of a GSE-like merger as a dark matter subhalo detector

论文作者

Davies, Elliot Y., Vasiliev, Eugene, Belokurov, Vasily, Evans, N. Wyn, Dillamore, Adam M.

论文摘要

最近的工作发现了银河系恒星光环的相位空间中的特征,这可能归因于最后一次主要合并。当将来自卫星的恒星材料积聚到其宿主上时,IT相位混合并在相空间中看起来很细微。对于高分子合并,此子结构最清楚地表现为$(v_r,r)$ space中的许多包装vevrons,对应于$(e,θ_r)$ space中的条纹。我们介绍了将此子结构用作冷恒星流的替代次荷兰检测器的想法。我们模拟了类似于GSE的N体合并,并评估了亚李子对这些字形的影响。我们检查了它们的变形如何取决于质量,中心和次宫数量。为了量化Perturbers的影响,我们利用chevrons在$(e,θ_r)$空间中的外观来引入一个新数量 - 熨烫参数。我们表明:(1)一个巨大的($ \ sim 10^{10} $ m $ _ {\ odot} $)的subhalo,其尖头可与外壳的apecentre相当,或者内部的apecentre平滑子结构,((2)低质量的单个飞行($ \ $ \ m $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ _} (3)Subhalos的多个flybys从$ 10^7-10^{10} $ m $ _ {\ odot} $之间衍生出来的$ 10^7-10^{10} $ _ {\ odot} $,如果潜在的深处,(4)已知的Perturbers(例如Sagittarius)的影响应被检测并提供对其初始质量的约束。对亚李的种群的敏感性表明,我们应该能够对银河系的Subhalo质量功能施加上限。

Recent work uncovered features in the phase space of the Milky Way's stellar halo which may be attributed to the last major merger. When stellar material from a satellite is accreted onto its host, it phase mixes and appears finely substructured in phase space. For a high-eccentricity merger, this substructure most clearly manifests as numerous wrapping chevrons in $(v_r, r)$ space, corresponding to stripes in $(E, θ_r)$ space. We introduce the idea of using this substructure as an alternative subhalo detector to cold stellar streams. We simulate an N-body merger akin to the GSE and assess the impact of subhaloes on these chevrons. We examine how their deformation depends on the mass, pericentre, and number of subhaloes. To quantify the impact of perturbers, we utilise the appearance of chevrons in $(E, θ_r)$ space to introduce a new quantity -- the ironing parameter. We show that: (1) a single flyby of a massive ($\sim 10^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$) subhalo with pericentre comparable to, or within, the shell's apocentre smooths out the substructure, (2) a single flyby of a low mass ($\lesssim 10^8$ M$_{\odot}$) has negligible effect, (3) multiple flybys of subhalos derived from a subhalo mass function between $10^7-10^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$ cause significant damage if deep within the potential, (4) the effects of known perturbers (e.g. Sagittarius) should be detectable and offer constraints on their initial mass. The sensitivity to the populations of subhaloes suggests that we should be able to place an upper limit on the Milky Way's subhalo mass function.

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