论文标题
在过去五个世纪中
Total Solar Irradiance during the Last Five Centuries
论文作者
论文摘要
太阳辐照度（TSI）在分钟到几个世纪的时间尺度上有所不同。在短时间内，由于湍流对流和声学振荡产生的强度波动的叠加而变化。在更长的时间时，由于光球磁活动而变化，这主要是由于黑子引起的面部亮丽和变暗。 While modern TSI variations have been monitored from space since 1970s, TSI variations over much longer periods can only be estimated using either historical observations of magnetic features, possibly supported by flux transport models, or from the measurements of the cosmogenic isotope (e.g., \textsuperscript{14}C or \textsuperscript{10}Be) concentrations in tree rings and ice cores.在过去的几个世纪中，TSI的重建，特别是在最低限度的17/18世纪，对于研究气候影响至关重要。为了将辐照度变化的时间成分（特别是磁性周期与世俗变异性）分开，我们通过应用经验模式分解算法分解了与磁特征的历史观察结果和太阳能调制电位$φ$相关的信号。因此，重建是经验性的，不需要任何特征对比度或现场传输模型。在Maunder最小值和现值期间的平均值之间的评估差异为$ \ simeq2.5 wm^{ - 2} $。此外，在上个世纪上半叶，$ \ simeq 1.5 w m^{ - 2} $的增长在本世纪中叶停止了，除了由于太阳周期而导致的调制外，在未来50年中保持了恒定。
The total solar irradiance (TSI) varies on timescales of minute to centuries. On short timescales it varies due to the superposition of intensity fluctuations produced by turbulent convection and acoustic oscillations. On longer scale times, it changes due to photospheric magnetic activity, mainly because of the facular brightenings and dimmings caused by sunspots. While modern TSI variations have been monitored from space since 1970s, TSI variations over much longer periods can only be estimated using either historical observations of magnetic features, possibly supported by flux transport models, or from the measurements of the cosmogenic isotope (e.g., \textsuperscript{14}C or \textsuperscript{10}Be) concentrations in tree rings and ice cores. The reconstruction of the TSI in the last few centuries, particularly in the 17th/18th centuries during the Maunder minimum, is of primary importance for studying climatic effects. To separate the temporal components of the irradiance variations, specifically the magnetic cycle from secular variability, we decomposed the signals associated with historical observations of magnetic features and the solar modulation potential $Φ$ by applying an Empirical Mode Decomposition algorithm. Thus, the reconstruction is empirical and does not require any feature contrast or field transport model. The assessed difference between the mean value during the Maunder minimum and the present value is $\simeq2.5 Wm^{-2}$. Moreover it shows, in the first half of the last century, a growth of $\simeq 1.5 W m^{-2}$ which stops around the middle of the century to remain constant for the next 50 years, apart from the modulation due to the solar cycle.
