论文标题

跨机构男性骨盆结构的典型少量分割,具有空间登记

Prototypical few-shot segmentation for cross-institution male pelvic structures with spatial registration

论文作者

Li, Yiwen, Fu, Yunguan, Gayo, Iani, Yang, Qianye, Min, Zhe, Saeed, Shaheer, Yan, Wen, Wang, Yipei, Noble, J. Alison, Emberton, Mark, Clarkson, Matthew J., Huisman, Henkjan, Barratt, Dean, Prisacariu, Victor Adrian, Hu, Yipeng

论文摘要

在医学图像分析中需要进行几次学习的能力是对支持图像数据的有效利用,该数据被标记为对新类进行分类或细分新类,该任务否则需要更多的培训图像和专家注释。这项工作描述了一种完全3D原型的几种分段算法,因此训练有素的网络可以有效地适应培训中缺乏的临床有趣结构,仅使用来自不同研究所的几个标记的图像。首先,为了弥补机构在新型类别的情节适应中的广泛认识的空间变异性,新型的空间登记机制被整合到原型学习中,由分段头和空间对准模块组成。其次,为了帮助训练观察到的不完美对齐,提出了支持掩模调节模块,以进一步利用支持图像中可用的注释。使用589个骨盆T2加权MR图像的数据集分割了八个对介入计划的解剖结构的应用,该实验是在分割八个解剖结构的应用中提出的。结果表明,3D公式中的每一个,空间注册和支持面罩调节的功效,所有这些都独立或集体地做出了积极的贡献。与先前提出的2D替代方案相比,无论支持数据来自相同还是不同的机构,都具有统计学意义的少数分段性能。

The prowess that makes few-shot learning desirable in medical image analysis is the efficient use of the support image data, which are labelled to classify or segment new classes, a task that otherwise requires substantially more training images and expert annotations. This work describes a fully 3D prototypical few-shot segmentation algorithm, such that the trained networks can be effectively adapted to clinically interesting structures that are absent in training, using only a few labelled images from a different institute. First, to compensate for the widely recognised spatial variability between institutions in episodic adaptation of novel classes, a novel spatial registration mechanism is integrated into prototypical learning, consisting of a segmentation head and an spatial alignment module. Second, to assist the training with observed imperfect alignment, support mask conditioning module is proposed to further utilise the annotation available from the support images. Extensive experiments are presented in an application of segmenting eight anatomical structures important for interventional planning, using a data set of 589 pelvic T2-weighted MR images, acquired at seven institutes. The results demonstrate the efficacy in each of the 3D formulation, the spatial registration, and the support mask conditioning, all of which made positive contributions independently or collectively. Compared with the previously proposed 2D alternatives, the few-shot segmentation performance was improved with statistical significance, regardless whether the support data come from the same or different institutes.

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