论文标题
蜻蜓和分支最佳路线网络的跨科亚迁移
Transoceanic migration of dragonflies and branched optimal route networks
论文作者
论文摘要
据报道，蜻蜓种类的年度迁徙是一个世纪前的潘塔拉·弗拉维森斯（Pantala Flavescens）（Fraser 1924）。从印度到非洲的多代，跨波动的迁移电路是一英寸长的昆虫的惊人壮举。风，降水，燃料，繁殖和生命周期会影响迁移，但是对它们在迁移中的集体作用的理解仍然难以捉摸。我们通过在Djikstra的路径规划算法上施加时间约束来确定跨波动迁移途径。能量计算表明，pantala flavescens可以在4.5m/s时忍受90小时的稳定飞行。我们在Djikstra的算法中纳入了主动风补偿，以计算从2002年到2007年的迁移路线。流行的风起关键作用。从非洲到印度的印度洋直接穿越是可行的，索马里喷气机是可行的，而返回需要马尔代夫和塞舌尔中途停留。使用每月成功的轨迹，生命周期和降水数据确定的迁移时机，证实了报道的观察结果。最后，我们及时在印度的Cherrapunji（25.2n 91.7e）和一个分支网络假设将印度东北部迁移的可能起源与潘塔拉·弗拉维斯森斯（Pantala Flavescens）与撤退的季风有关。他们广泛的全球散布的线索。
The intriguing annual migration of the dragonfly species, Pantala flavescens was reported almost a century ago (Fraser 1924). The multi-generational, transoceanic migration circuit spanning from India to Africa is an astonishing feat for an inches-long insect. Wind, precipitation, fuel, breeding, and life cycle affect the migration, yet understanding of their collective role in the migration remains elusive. We identify the transoceanic migration route by imposing a time constraint emerging from energetics on Djikstra's path-planning algorithm. Energetics calculations reveal a Pantala flavescens can endure 90 hours of steady flight at 4.5m/s. We incorporate active wind compensation in Djikstra's algorithm to compute the migration route from years 2002 to 2007. The prevailing winds play a pivotal role; a direct crossing of the Indian Ocean from Africa to India is feasible with the Somali Jet, whereas the return requires stopovers in Maldives and Seychelles. The migration timing, identified using monthly-successful trajectories, life cycle, and precipitation data, corroborates reported observations. Finally, our timely sighting in Cherrapunji, India (25.2N 91.7E) and a branched network hypothesis connect the likely origin of the migration in North-Eastern India with Pantala flavescens's arrival in South-Eastern India with the retreating monsoons; a clue to their extensive global dispersal.
