论文标题

Basalisc:用于BGV的可编程硬件加速器完全同构加密

BASALISC: Programmable Hardware Accelerator for BGV Fully Homomorphic Encryption

论文作者

Geelen, Robin, Van Beirendonck, Michiel, Pereira, Hilder V. L., Huffman, Brian, McAuley, Tynan, Selfridge, Ben, Wagner, Daniel, Dimou, Georgios, Verbauwhede, Ingrid, Vercauteren, Frederik, Archer, David W.

论文摘要

完全同态加密(FHE)允许对加密数据进行安全计算。不幸的是,巨大的记忆尺寸,计算成本和带宽要求限制了其实用性。我们提出了Basalisc,这是一个硬件加速器的建筑家族,旨在在云中实质上加速计算。 Basalisc是第一个使用完全包装的自举实现BGV方案的方法 - 任意深度计算所需的噪声删除能力。它支持自定义版本的引导版本,该版本可以与针对区域和功率优化的硬件乘数实例化。 Basalisc是一种三层层RISC架构,设计用于1 GHz ASIC实现,并在12nm的GF过程中朝150mm2磁带进行磁带。 Basalisc的四层内存层次结构包括一个二维无冲突的内存层,该内存层可实现32 TB/S RADIX-256 NTT计算,而无需管道摊位。它的冲突解决方案置换硬件已被广泛并重新使用,以计算BGV自动形态,而无需吞吐量惩罚。 Basalisc还具有自定义的多元蓄能单元,以加速BGV密钥切换。 Basalisc工具链包括自定义编译器以及联合性能和正确性模拟器。为了评估Basalisc,我们研究了其物理可靠性,模拟并正式验证其核心功能单元,并在一组基准上研究其性能。模拟结果表明,与Helib相比,Helib的加速度超过5,000倍。

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows for secure computation on encrypted data. Unfortunately, huge memory size, computational cost and bandwidth requirements limit its practicality. We present BASALISC, an architecture family of hardware accelerators that aims to substantially accelerate FHE computations in the cloud. BASALISC is the first to implement the BGV scheme with fully-packed bootstrapping -- the noise removal capability necessary for arbitrary-depth computation. It supports a customized version of bootstrapping that can be instantiated with hardware multipliers optimized for area and power. BASALISC is a three-abstraction-layer RISC architecture, designed for a 1 GHz ASIC implementation and underway toward 150mm2 die tape-out in a 12nm GF process. BASALISC's four-layer memory hierarchy includes a two-dimensional conflict-free inner memory layer that enables 32 Tb/s radix-256 NTT computations without pipeline stalls. Its conflict-resolution permutation hardware is generalized and re-used to compute BGV automorphisms without throughput penalty. BASALISC also has a custom multiply-accumulate unit to accelerate BGV key switching. The BASALISC toolchain comprises a custom compiler and a joint performance and correctness simulator. To evaluate BASALISC, we study its physical realizability, emulate and formally verify its core functional units, and we study its performance on a set of benchmarks. Simulation results show a speedup of more than 5,000 times over HElib -- a popular software FHE library.

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