论文标题
使用方向区分重叠的染色体
Using Orientation to Distinguish Overlapping Chromosomes
论文作者
论文摘要
核分型过程中的一个困难一步是分割接触或重叠的染色体。为了使过程自动化,先前的研究转向了深度学习方法,其中一些将任务作为语义分割问题提出。这些模型将单独的染色体实例视为语义类别,我们表明是有问题的,因为不确定哪种染色体应归类为#1和#2。根据比较规则(例如较短/更长的染色体减轻)分配类标签,但不能完全解决该问题。取而代之的是,我们在第二阶段将染色体实例分开,预测模型的染色体方向,并将其用作染色体的关键区别因子之一。我们证明了这种方法有效。此外,我们介绍了一种新颖的双角度表示,神经网络可以用来预测方向。表示形式将任何方向及其反向映射到同一点。最后,我们提出了一个新的扩展合成数据集,该数据集基于Pommier的数据集,但由于其培训和测试集之间的分离不足而解决了其问题。
A difficult step in the process of karyotyping is segmenting chromosomes that touch or overlap. In an attempt to automate the process, previous studies turned to Deep Learning methods, with some formulating the task as a semantic segmentation problem. These models treat separate chromosome instances as semantic classes, which we show to be problematic, since it is uncertain which chromosome should be classed as #1 and #2. Assigning class labels based on comparison rules, such as the shorter/longer chromosome alleviates, but does not fully resolve the issue. Instead, we separate the chromosome instances in a second stage, predicting the orientation of the chromosomes by the model and use it as one of the key distinguishing factors of the chromosomes. We demonstrate this method to be effective. Furthermore, we introduce a novel Double-Angle representation that a neural network can use to predict the orientation. The representation maps any direction and its reverse to the same point. Lastly, we present a new expanded synthetic dataset, which is based on Pommier's dataset, but addresses its issues with insufficient separation between its training and testing sets.