论文标题
道德机器的道德困境
Moral Dilemmas for Moral Machines
论文作者
论文摘要
正在开发和部署自主系统，以可能需要某种程度的道德决策能力。结果，近年来，机器伦理学的研究激增。这项工作包括利用道德困境作为在道德上加载情况下实施决策算法的验证机制。在自动驾驶汽车的背景下，我认为（1）这是对哲学思想实验的错误应用，因为（2）它无法理解道德困境的目的，并且（3）这可能会带来灾难性的后果；但是，（4）在机器伦理中有道德困境的使用是适当的，而在机器学习环境中出现的新颖情况可以阐明伦理学的哲学工作。
Autonomous systems are being developed and deployed in situations that may require some degree of ethical decision-making ability. As a result, research in machine ethics has proliferated in recent years. This work has included using moral dilemmas as validation mechanisms for implementing decision-making algorithms in ethically-loaded situations. Using trolley-style problems in the context of autonomous vehicles as a case study, I argue (1) that this is a misapplication of philosophical thought experiments because (2) it fails to appreciate the purpose of moral dilemmas, and (3) this has potentially catastrophic consequences; however, (4) there are uses of moral dilemmas in machine ethics that are appropriate and the novel situations that arise in a machine-learning context can shed some light on philosophical work in ethics.
