论文标题

不要对我地毯:零维骗局检测

Do not rug on me: Zero-dimensional Scam Detection

论文作者

Mazorra, Bruno, Adan, Victor, Daza, Vanesa

论文摘要

与其他DEX一样,Uniswap今年引起了很多关注,因为它是一种非监护和公开可验证的交换,允许用户交易数字资产而没有受信任的第三方。但是,它的简单性和缺乏监管也使执行初始硬币可通过列出不可行的令牌来轻松执行骗局。这种执行骗局的方法被称为地毯拉力,这种现象已经存在于传统金融中,但在Defi中变得更加相关。 [34,37]等各种项目有助于检测EVM兼容链中的地毯拉力。但是,在[44]中做出了第一个纵向和学术步骤,用于检测和表征UNISWAP上的骗局令牌。作者收集了与UNISWAP V2交换有关的所有交易,并提出了一种机器学习算法将令牌标记为骗局。但是,该算法仅在执行后准确地检测骗局才有价值。本文将其数据设置增加了20K令牌,并提出了一种将令牌标记为骗局的新方法。在手动分析数据后,我们在UNISWAP协议中设计了对不同恶意操纵的理论分类。我们提出了各种基于机器学习的算法,具有与令牌传播和智能合约启发式有关的新相关功能,以检测潜在地毯的发生。通常,这些模型提出了相似的结果。最佳模型获得的精度为0.9936,召回0.9540,精度为0.9838,以区分恶意动作之前的非恶性代币与骗局。

Uniswap, like other DEXs, has gained much attention this year because it is a non-custodial and publicly verifiable exchange that allows users to trade digital assets without trusted third parties. However, its simplicity and lack of regulation also makes it easy to execute initial coin offering scams by listing non-valuable tokens. This method of performing scams is known as rug pull, a phenomenon that already existed in traditional finance but has become more relevant in DeFi. Various projects such as [34,37] have contributed to detecting rug pulls in EVM compatible chains. However, the first longitudinal and academic step to detecting and characterizing scam tokens on Uniswap was made in [44]. The authors collected all the transactions related to the Uniswap V2 exchange and proposed a machine learning algorithm to label tokens as scams. However, the algorithm is only valuable for detecting scams accurately after they have been executed. This paper increases their data set by 20K tokens and proposes a new methodology to label tokens as scams. After manually analyzing the data, we devised a theoretical classification of different malicious maneuvers in Uniswap protocol. We propose various machine-learning-based algorithms with new relevant features related to the token propagation and smart contract heuristics to detect potential rug pulls before they occur. In general, the models proposed achieved similar results. The best model obtained an accuracy of 0.9936, recall of 0.9540, and precision of 0.9838 in distinguishing non-malicious tokens from scams prior to the malicious maneuver.

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