论文标题
保利水晶 - 对称性的相互作用
Pauli crystals -- interplay of symmetries
论文作者
论文摘要
最近观察到的Pauli晶体是由Fermi统计的捕获的超低原子形成的结构。这些原子之间的相互作用被关闭，因此它们的相对位置是通过陷阱电位和保利排除原理的连接作用来确定的。本文使用数值模型来在二维各向同性谐波陷阱，三维谐波陷阱和二维正方形井陷阱中找到保利晶体。保利晶体没有陷阱的对称性 - 对称性通过位置的测量而打破，在许多情况下，陷阱中原子的量子状态。此外，将Pauli晶体与由电动捕获的颗粒形成的库仑晶体进行了比较。保利晶体的结构与库仑晶体的结构不同，这提供了证据表明，排除原理不能被两体排斥相互作用所取代，而必须被认为是导致许多粒子相关的特定量子机制。
Recently observed Pauli crystals are structures formed by trapped ultracold atoms with the Fermi statistics. Interactions between these atoms are switched off, so their relative positions are determined by joined action of the trapping potential and the Pauli exclusion principle. Numericalmodeling is used in this paper to find the Pauli crystals in a two-dimensional isotropic harmonic trap, three-dimensional harmonic trap, and a two-dimensional square well trap. The Pauli crystals do not have the symmetry of the trap -- the symmetry is broken by the measurement of positions and, in many cases, by the quantum state of atoms in the trap. Furthermore, the Pauli crystals are compared with the Coulomb crystals formed by electrically charged trapped particles. The~structure of the Pauli crystals differs from that of the Coulomb crystals, this provides evidence that the exclusion principle cannot be replaced by a two-body repulsive interaction but rather has to be considered to be a specifically quantum mechanism leading to many-particle correlations.
