论文标题

共同发展供应和排水网络的极简主义模型

A minimalist model for co-evolving supply and drainage networks

论文作者

Anand, Shashank Kumar, Hooshyar, Milad, Nordbotten, Jan Martin, Porporato, Amilcare

论文摘要

许多自然和人造的复杂系统的特征是存在交织在一起的供应和/或排水网络。在这里,我们提出了这种共同发展网络在空间连续域中的简约模型,在该域中,所获得的网络可以被解释为反流引流或共同流动供应和排水机制的一部分。该模型由三个耦合的非线性部分偏微分方程组成,它们通过修改介导标量字段来描述输入和输出材料的空间密度模式,并在其上雕刻了供应和排水网络。在二维情况下,标量场可以视为假设景观的高度,其中供应和排水网络分别是山脊和山谷。在三维情况下,标量场充当化学信号强度,其中供应和排水网络的血管形成在临界“侵蚀”强度之上。稳态溶液作为两种材料的非二维通道指数的函数表示。新兴网络的空间模式在分支和拥挤的极端制度中分类,其中所得网络的表征是基于两个非二项制指数的绝对和相对值。

Numerous complex systems, both natural and artificial, are characterized by the presence of intertwined supply and/or drainage networks. Here we present a minimalist model of such co-evolving networks in a spatially continuous domain, where the obtained networks can be interpreted as a part of either the counter-flowing drainage or co-flowing supply and drainage mechanisms. The model consists of three coupled, nonlinear partial differential equations that describe spatial density patterns of input and output materials by modifying a mediating scalar field, on which supply and drainage networks are carved. In the 2-dimensional case, the scalar field can be viewed as the elevation of a hypothetical landscape, of which supply and drainage networks are ridges and valleys, respectively. In the 3-dimensional case, the scalar field serves as the chemical signal strength, in which vascularization of the supply and drainage networks occurs above a critical 'erosion' strength. The steady-state solutions are presented as a function of non-dimensional channelization indices for both materials. The spatial patterns of the emerging networks are classified within the branched and congested extreme regimes, within which the resulting networks are characterized based on the absolute as well as the relative values of two non-dimensional indices.

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