论文标题
一般的概率理论，具有格里森型定理
General Probabilistic Theories with a Gleason-type Theorem
论文作者
论文摘要
量子理论的格里森型定理可以通过假设（i）状态始终将概率分配给测量结果，并且（ii）每个此类分配都有一个独特的状态，从而使人们可以恢复量子状态空间。我们确定一类普通概率理论，这些理论也接受了格里森型定理。它包含满足不受限制假设的理论，以及其他理论，可以在允许对测量结果进行后选择时，可以很好地模拟这种不受限制的理论。我们的结果还意味着，适用于效应的标准无限制假设不等于应用于限制性较小的状态的双重无限制假设。
Gleason-type theorems for quantum theory allow one to recover the quantum state space by assuming that (i) states consistently assign probabilities to measurement outcomes and that (ii) there is a unique state for every such assignment. We identify the class of general probabilistic theories which also admit Gleason-type theorems. It contains theories satisfying the no-restriction hypothesis as well as others which can simulate such an unrestricted theory arbitrarily well when allowing for post-selection on measurement outcomes. Our result also implies that the standard no-restriction hypothesis applied to effects is not equivalent to the dual no-restriction hypothesis applied to states which is found to be less restrictive.
