论文标题
单原子热发动机作为敏感的热探针
Single-atom heat engine as a sensitive thermal probe
论文作者
论文摘要
我们建议采用量子热发动机作为热浴的敏感探针。特别是，我们研究了在开放的热力学周期中运行的单原子奥托发动机。由于其环状性质，发动机能够将两个浴缸之间的小温度差异转化为飞轮中的宏观振荡。我们介绍了发动机的量子动力学的分析和数值建模，并估计它能够检测到温度差异至2 $μk。通过利用量子资源（例如挤压离子运动），可以进一步提高这种灵敏度。所提出的方案不需要量子状态初始化，即使在高基础温度下，也能够检测到较小的温度差异。
We propose employing a quantum heat engine as a sensitive probe for thermal baths. In particular, we study a single-atom Otto engine operating in an open thermodynamic cycle. Owing to its cyclic nature, the engine is capable of translating small temperature differences between two baths into a macroscopic oscillation in a flywheel. We present analytical and numerical modeling of the quantum dynamics of the engine and estimate it to be capable of detecting temperature differences as small as 2 $μ$K. This sensitivity can be further improved by utilizing quantum resources such as squeezing of the ion motion. The proposed scheme does not require quantum state initialization and is able to detect small temperature differences even at high base temperatures.
