论文标题
来自量子真空的经典结构的出现
Emergence of classical structures from the quantum vacuum
论文作者
论文摘要
量子相变之后，量子真空可以分解以形成经典的拓扑缺陷。我们检查了标量字段模型的此过程，该过程具有$ z_2 $对称性，用于相变的不同淬火率。我们发现，近期扭结的数量密度普遍缩放为$ c m^{1/2} t^{ - 1/2} $，其中$ m $是模型中的质量比例，$ c \ of $ c \ oft. 0.22 $;与热相转变的千里布尔（Kibble-Zurek）缩放相反，它不取决于淬火时间尺度。转向校正$ \ propto t^{ - 3/2} $ to kink密度取决于相变的细节。
After a quantum phase transition the quantum vacuum can break up to form classical topological defects. We examine this process for scalar field models with $Z_2$ symmetry for different quench rates for the phase transition. We find that the number density of kinks at late times universally scales as $C m^{1/2} t^{-1/2}$ where $m$ is a mass scale in the model and $C\approx 0.22$; it does not depend on the quench timescale in contrast to the Kibble-Zurek scaling for thermal phase transitions. A subleading correction $\propto t^{-3/2}$ to the kink density depends on the details of the phase transition.
