论文标题
机器人心理阅读和信任问题
Robot Mindreading and the Problem of Trust
论文作者
论文摘要
本文提出了三个有关信念，欲望和意图对机器人的归因的问题。第一个是人类是否实际上是否从事机器人思维方式。如果他们这样做，这将提出第二个问题：机器人的思维读者会促进机器人的信任吗？这两个问题都是经验的，我表明可用的证据不足以回答它们。现在，如果我们假设两个问题的答案都是肯定的，那么出现了第三个和更重要的问题：鉴于他们提高透明度的既定目标，开发人员和工程师是否应该促进机器人思维方式？我的担心是，通过试图使机器人更加令人难以理解，他们放弃了理解自动决策过程的项目。增强思维可读性的功能很容易制定决定自动决策的因素，甚至比以前更不透明。当前消除不透明度的策略不会增强思维可读性。本文的最后一部分讨论了分析这一明显权衡的不同方法，并建议解决方案必须采用可容忍的不透明度，这些程度取决于与机器人预期使用所需的务实因素相关的实用因素。
This paper raises three questions regarding the attribution of beliefs, desires, and intentions to robots. The first one is whether humans in fact engage in robot mindreading. If they do, this raises a second question: does robot mindreading foster trust towards robots? Both of these questions are empirical, and I show that the available evidence is insufficient to answer them. Now, if we assume that the answer to both questions is affirmative, a third and more important question arises: should developers and engineers promote robot mindreading in view of their stated goal of enhancing transparency? My worry here is that by attempting to make robots more mind-readable, they are abandoning the project of understanding automatic decision processes. Features that enhance mind-readability are prone to make the factors that determine automatic decisions even more opaque than they already are. And current strategies to eliminate opacity do not enhance mind-readability. The last part of the paper discusses different ways to analyze this apparent trade-off and suggests that a possible solution must adopt tolerable degrees of opacity that depend on pragmatic factors connected to the level of trust required for the intended uses of the robot.
