论文标题
通用过渡图从休眠到积极积累超大的黑洞
Universal transition diagram from dormant to actively accreting supermassive black holes
论文作者
论文摘要
本地宇宙中绝大多数的超大质量黑洞（SMBH）表现出的活性水平远低于供应速率到银河系核的预期，只有一小部分无声SMBH可以变成活性的银河系核。 Chandra X射线卫星在空间上达到了非常附近的SMBH的观察数据，我们发现，当BH Actiment Extract的流入率高于Eddington Appretion速率的0.1％时，BH活性的水平从静止阶段急剧增加。我们还表明，正如辐射冷却和BH反馈的最近流体动力学模拟所预测的那样，通过积分SMBH的普遍状态过渡和BH反馈预测，从X射线观测得出的BH影响半径的核能和气体积聚率之间的关系很好地描述了。状态过渡后，年轻的大恒星应在核中自然形成，如最近SMBH时所观察到的，Sagittarius A $^\ ast $，该$目前是静止的，但最近活跃。
The vast majority of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the local universe exhibit levels of activity much lower than those expected from gas supplying rates onto the galactic nuclei, and only a small fraction of silent SMBHs can turn into active galactic nuclei. Revisiting observational data of very nearby SMBHs whose gravitational spheres of influence are spatially reached by the Chandra X-ray satellite, we find that the level of BH activity drastically increases from the quiescent phase when the inflow rate outside of the BH influence radius is higher than 0.1% of the Eddington accretion rate. We also show that the relation between the nuclear luminosity and gas accretion rate from the BH influence radius measured from X-ray observations is well described by the universal state transition of accreting SMBHs, as predicted by recent hydrodynamical simulations with radiative cooling and BH feedback. After the state transition, young massive stars should form naturally in the nucleus, as observed in the case of the nearest SMBH, Sagittarius A$^\ast$, which is currently quiescent but was recently active.
