论文标题

PropotitionPathexplorer:在投影决策路径中探索视觉模式

ProjectionPathExplorer: Exploring Visual Patterns in Projected Decision-Making Paths

论文作者

Hinterreiter, Andreas, Steinparz, Christian, Schöfl, Moritz, Stitz, Holger, Streit, Marc

论文摘要

在解决问题的过程中,通往解决方案的道路可以看作是一系列决策。人类或计算机做出的决定通过问题的高维表示空间来描述轨迹。通过降低维度,这些轨迹可以在较低维空间中可视化。此类嵌入式轨迹先前已应用于各种数据,但是分析几乎完全集中在单轨迹的自相似性上。相比之下,我们描述了从相同的嵌入空间中绘制许多轨迹(对于不同初始条件,终端状态和解决方案策略)而出现的模式。我们认为,可以通过解释这些模式来制定有关解决问题的任务和解决策略的一般性陈述。我们在各种应用领域的人类和机器决策中探索并表征了这种模式:逻辑难题(魔术片),策略游戏(国际象棋)和优化问题(神经网络培训)。我们还讨论了适当选择的表示空间和相似性指标对嵌入的重要性。

In problem-solving, a path towards solutions can be viewed as a sequence of decisions. The decisions, made by humans or computers, describe a trajectory through a high-dimensional representation space of the problem. By means of dimensionality reduction, these trajectories can be visualized in lower-dimensional space. Such embedded trajectories have previously been applied to a wide variety of data, but analysis has focused almost exclusively on the self-similarity of single trajectories. In contrast, we describe patterns emerging from drawing many trajectories -- for different initial conditions, end states, and solution strategies -- in the same embedding space. We argue that general statements about the problem-solving tasks and solving strategies can be made by interpreting these patterns. We explore and characterize such patterns in trajectories resulting from human and machine-made decisions in a variety of application domains: logic puzzles (Rubik's cube), strategy games (chess), and optimization problems (neural network training). We also discuss the importance of suitably chosen representation spaces and similarity metrics for the embedding.

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